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|
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
|
|
AN ACT
|
|
|
relating to court jurisdiction and procedures relating to truancy; |
|
providing criminal penalties; imposing a court cost. |
|
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: |
|
SECTION 1. Article 4.14(g), Code of Criminal Procedure, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(g) A municipality may enter into an agreement with a |
|
contiguous municipality or a municipality with boundaries that are |
|
within one-half mile of the municipality seeking to enter into the |
|
agreement to establish concurrent jurisdiction of the municipal |
|
courts in the municipalities and provide original jurisdiction to a |
|
municipal court in which a case is brought as if the municipal court |
|
were located in the municipality in which the case arose, for: |
|
(1) all cases in which either municipality has |
|
jurisdiction under Subsection (a); and |
|
(2) cases that arise under Section 821.022, Health and |
|
Safety Code[, or Section 25.094, Education Code]. |
|
SECTION 2. Articles 45.0216(f) and (g), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, are amended to read as follows: |
|
(f) The court shall order the conviction, together with all |
|
complaints, verdicts, sentences, and prosecutorial and law |
|
enforcement records, and any other documents relating to the |
|
offense, expunged from the person's record if the court finds that: |
|
(1) for a person applying for the expunction of a |
|
conviction for an offense described by Section 8.07(a)(4) or (5), |
|
Penal Code, the person was not convicted of any other offense |
|
described by Section 8.07(a)(4) or (5), Penal Code, while the |
|
person was a child; and |
|
(2) for a person applying for the expunction of a |
|
conviction for an offense described by Section 43.261, Penal Code, |
|
the person was not found to have engaged in conduct indicating a |
|
need for supervision described by Section 51.03(b)(7) |
|
[51.03(b)(8)], Family Code, while the person was a child. |
|
(g) This article does not apply to any offense otherwise |
|
covered by: |
|
(1) Chapter 106, Alcoholic Beverage Code; or |
|
(2) Chapter 161, Health and Safety Code[; or
|
|
[(3) Section 25.094, Education Code]. |
|
SECTION 3. Subchapter B, Chapter 45, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, is amended by adding Article 45.0541 to read as follows: |
|
Art. 45.0541. AUTOMATIC EXPUNCTION OF TRUANCY RECORDS. |
|
(a) In this article, "truancy offense" means an offense committed |
|
under the former Section 25.094, Education Code. |
|
(b) An individual who has been convicted of a truancy |
|
offense or has had a complaint for a truancy offense dismissed is |
|
entitled to have the conviction or complaint and records relating |
|
to the conviction or complaint automatically expunged. |
|
(c) The court in which the individual was convicted or a |
|
complaint for a truancy offense was filed shall order the |
|
conviction, complaints, verdicts, sentences, and other documents |
|
relating to the offense, including any documents in the possession |
|
of a school district or law enforcement agency, to be expunged from |
|
the individual's record. After entry of the order, the individual |
|
is released from all disabilities resulting from the conviction or |
|
complaint, and the conviction or complaint may not be shown or made |
|
known for any purpose. The court shall inform the individual of the |
|
expunction. |
|
SECTION 4. Articles 45.056(a) and (c), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, as amended by Chapters 1213 (S.B. 1419) and 1407 (S.B. |
|
393), Acts of the 83rd Legislature, Regular Session, 2013, are |
|
reenacted and amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) On approval of the commissioners court, city council, |
|
[school district board of trustees,] juvenile board, or other |
|
appropriate authority, a county court, justice court, municipal |
|
court, [school district,] juvenile probation department, or other |
|
appropriate governmental entity may: |
|
(1) employ a case manager to provide services in cases |
|
involving juvenile offenders who are before a court consistent with |
|
the court's statutory powers or referred to a court by a school |
|
administrator or designee for misconduct that would otherwise be |
|
within the court's statutory powers prior to a case being filed, |
|
with the consent of the juvenile and the juvenile's parents or |
|
guardians; |
|
(2) employ one or more juvenile case managers who: |
|
(A) shall assist the court in administering the |
|
court's juvenile docket and in supervising the court's orders in |
|
juvenile cases; and |
|
(B) may provide: |
|
(i) prevention services to a child |
|
considered at risk of entering the juvenile justice system; and |
|
(ii) intervention services to juveniles |
|
engaged in misconduct before cases are filed, excluding traffic |
|
offenses; or |
|
(3) agree in accordance with Chapter 791, Government |
|
Code, with any appropriate governmental entity to jointly employ a |
|
case manager or to jointly contribute to the costs of a case manager |
|
employed by one governmental entity to provide services described |
|
by Subdivisions (1) and (2). |
|
(c) An entity that jointly employs a case manager under |
|
Subsection (a)(3) employs a juvenile case manager for purposes of |
|
Chapter 102 of this code and Chapter 102, Government Code. [A
|
|
county or justice court on approval of the commissioners court or a
|
|
municipality or municipal court on approval of the city council may
|
|
employ one or more juvenile case managers who:
|
|
[(1)
shall assist the court in administering the
|
|
court's juvenile docket and in supervising its court orders in
|
|
juvenile cases; and
|
|
[(2) may provide:
|
|
[(A)
prevention services to a child considered
|
|
at-risk of entering the juvenile justice system; and
|
|
[(B)
intervention services to juveniles engaged
|
|
in misconduct prior to cases being filed, excluding traffic
|
|
offenses.] |
|
SECTION 5. Article 102.014(d), Code of Criminal Procedure, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(d) A person convicted of an offense under Section 25.093 |
|
[or 25.094], Education Code, shall pay as taxable court costs $20 in |
|
addition to other taxable court costs. The additional court costs |
|
under this subsection shall be collected in the same manner that |
|
other fines and taxable court costs in the case are collected. |
|
SECTION 6. (a) Section 7.111(a), Education Code, as amended |
|
by Chapters 339 (H.B. 2058) and 1217 (S.B. 1536), Acts of the 83rd |
|
Legislature, Regular Session, 2013, is reenacted to read as |
|
follows: |
|
(a) The board shall provide for the administration of high |
|
school equivalency examinations. |
|
(b) Section 7.111(a-1), Education Code, is amended to |
|
conform to the amendment of Section 7.111(a), Education Code, by |
|
Chapter 1217 (S.B. 1536), Acts of the 83rd Legislature, Regular |
|
Session, 2013, and is further amended to read as follows: |
|
(a-1) A person who does not have a high school diploma may |
|
take the examination in accordance with rules adopted by the board |
|
if the person is: |
|
(1) over 17 years of age; |
|
(2) 16 years of age or older and: |
|
(A) is enrolled in a Job Corps training program |
|
under the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. Section 2801 |
|
et seq.), and its subsequent amendments; |
|
(B) a public agency providing supervision of the |
|
person or having custody of the person under a court order |
|
recommends that the person take the examination; or |
|
(C) is enrolled in the Texas Military |
|
Department's [adjutant general's department's] Seaborne ChalleNGe |
|
Corps; or |
|
(3) required to take the examination under a court |
|
order issued under Section 64.03(a)(3). |
|
SECTION 7. Section 25.085, Education Code, is amended by |
|
amending Subsections (e) and (f) and adding Subsections (g) and (h) |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(e) A person who voluntarily enrolls in school or |
|
voluntarily attends school after the person's 18th birthday shall |
|
attend school each school day for the entire period the program of |
|
instruction is offered. A school district may revoke for the |
|
remainder of the school year the enrollment of a person who has more |
|
than five absences in a semester that are not excused under Section |
|
25.087, except a school district may not revoke the enrollment of a |
|
person under this subsection on a day on which the person is |
|
physically present at school. A person whose enrollment is revoked |
|
under this subsection may be considered an unauthorized person on |
|
school district grounds for purposes of Section 37.107. |
|
(f) The board of trustees of a school district may adopt a |
|
policy requiring a person described by Subsection (e) who is under |
|
21 years of age to attend school until the end of the school year. |
|
Section 62.03(a) does not apply [25.094 applies] to a person |
|
subject to a policy adopted under this subsection. Sections 25.093 |
|
and 25.095 do not apply to the parent of a person subject to a policy |
|
adopted under this subsection. |
|
(g) After the third unexcused absence of a person described |
|
by Subsection (e), a school district shall issue a warning letter to |
|
the person that states the person's enrollment may be revoked for |
|
the remainder of the school year if the person has more than five |
|
unexcused absences in a semester. |
|
(h) As an alternative to revoking a person's enrollment |
|
under Subsection (e), a school district may impose a behavior |
|
improvement plan described by Section 25.0915(a-1)(1). |
|
SECTION 8. Sections 25.091(a) and (b), Education Code, are |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) A peace officer serving as an attendance officer has the |
|
following powers and duties concerning enforcement of compulsory |
|
school attendance requirements: |
|
(1) to investigate each case of a violation of |
|
compulsory school attendance requirements referred to the peace |
|
officer; |
|
(2) to enforce compulsory school attendance |
|
requirements by: |
|
(A) applying truancy prevention measures adopted |
|
under Section 25.0915 to the student; and |
|
(B) if the truancy prevention measures fail to |
|
meaningfully address the student's conduct: |
|
(i) referring the student to a truancy |
|
court [juvenile court or filing a complaint against the student in a
|
|
county, justice, or municipal court] if the student has unexcused |
|
absences for the amount of time specified under Section 62.03(a) |
|
[25.094 or under Section 51.03(b)(2), Family Code]; or |
|
(ii) filing a complaint in a county, |
|
justice, or municipal court against a parent who violates Section |
|
25.093; |
|
(3) to serve court-ordered legal process; |
|
(4) to review school attendance records for compliance |
|
by each student investigated by the officer; |
|
(5) to maintain an investigative record on each |
|
compulsory school attendance requirement violation and related |
|
court action and, at the request of a court, the board of trustees |
|
of a school district, or the commissioner, to provide a record to |
|
the individual or entity requesting the record; and |
|
(6) to make a home visit or otherwise contact the |
|
parent of a student who is in violation of compulsory school |
|
attendance requirements, except that a peace officer may not enter |
|
a residence without the permission of the parent of a student |
|
required under this subchapter to attend school or of the tenant or |
|
owner of the residence except to lawfully serve court-ordered legal |
|
process on the parent[; and
|
|
[(7)
to take a student into custody with the
|
|
permission of the student's parent or in obedience to a
|
|
court-ordered legal process]. |
|
(b) An attendance officer employed by a school district who |
|
is not commissioned as a peace officer has the following powers and |
|
duties with respect to enforcement of compulsory school attendance |
|
requirements: |
|
(1) to investigate each case of a violation of the |
|
compulsory school attendance requirements referred to the |
|
attendance officer; |
|
(2) to enforce compulsory school attendance |
|
requirements by: |
|
(A) applying truancy prevention measures adopted |
|
under Section 25.0915 to the student; and |
|
(B) if the truancy prevention measures fail to |
|
meaningfully address the student's conduct: |
|
(i) referring the student to a truancy |
|
court [juvenile court or filing a complaint against the student in a
|
|
county, justice, or municipal court] if the student has unexcused |
|
absences for the amount of time specified under Section 62.03(a) |
|
[25.094 or under Section 51.03(b)(2), Family Code]; and |
|
(ii) filing a complaint in a county, |
|
justice, or municipal court against a parent who violates Section |
|
25.093; |
|
(3) to monitor school attendance compliance by each |
|
student investigated by the officer; |
|
(4) to maintain an investigative record on each |
|
compulsory school attendance requirement violation and related |
|
court action and, at the request of a court, the board of trustees |
|
of a school district, or the commissioner, to provide a record to |
|
the individual or entity requesting the record; |
|
(5) to make a home visit or otherwise contact the |
|
parent of a student who is in violation of compulsory school |
|
attendance requirements, except that the attendance officer may not |
|
enter a residence without permission of the parent or of the owner |
|
or tenant of the residence; and |
|
(6) at the request of a parent, to escort a student |
|
from any location to a school campus to ensure the student's |
|
compliance with compulsory school attendance requirements[; and
|
|
[(7)
if the attendance officer has or is informed of a
|
|
court-ordered legal process directing that a student be taken into
|
|
custody and the school district employing the officer does not
|
|
employ its own police department, to contact the sheriff,
|
|
constable, or any peace officer to request that the student be taken
|
|
into custody and processed according to the legal process]. |
|
SECTION 9. Section 25.0915, Education Code, is amended by |
|
amending Subsections (a), (b), and (c) and adding Subsections |
|
(a-1), (a-2), (a-3), (d), (e), (f), and (g) to read as follows: |
|
(a) A school district shall adopt truancy prevention |
|
measures designed to: |
|
(1) address student conduct related to truancy in the |
|
school setting before the student engages in conduct described by |
|
Section 62.03(a); and |
|
(2) minimize the need for referrals to truancy |
|
[juvenile] court for conduct described by Section 62.03(a) |
|
[51.03(b)(2), Family Code; and
|
|
[(3)
minimize the filing of complaints in county,
|
|
justice, and municipal courts alleging a violation of Section
|
|
25.094]. |
|
(a-1) As a truancy prevention measure under Subsection (a), |
|
a school district shall take one or more of the following actions: |
|
(1) impose: |
|
(A) a behavior improvement plan on the student |
|
that must be signed by an employee of the school, that the school |
|
district has made a good faith effort to have signed by the student |
|
and the student's parent or guardian, and that includes: |
|
(i) a specific description of the behavior |
|
that is required or prohibited for the student; |
|
(ii) the period for which the plan will be |
|
effective, not to exceed 45 school days after the date the contract |
|
becomes effective; or |
|
(iii) the penalties for additional |
|
absences, including additional disciplinary action or the referral |
|
of the student to a truancy court; or |
|
(B) school-based community service; or |
|
(2) refer the student to counseling, community-based |
|
services, or other in-school or out-of-school services aimed at |
|
addressing the student's truancy. |
|
(a-2) A referral made under Subsection (a-1)(2) may include |
|
participation by the child's parent or guardian if necessary. |
|
(a-3) A school district shall offer additional counseling |
|
to a student and may not refer the student to truancy court if the |
|
school determines that the student's truancy is the result of: |
|
(1) pregnancy; |
|
(2) being in the state foster program; |
|
(3) homelessness; or |
|
(4) being the principal income earner for the |
|
student's family. |
|
(b) Each referral to truancy [juvenile] court for conduct |
|
described by Section 62.03(a) [51.03(b)(2), Family Code, or
|
|
complaint filed in county, justice, or municipal court alleging a
|
|
violation by a student of Section 25.094] must: |
|
(1) be accompanied by a statement from the student's |
|
school certifying that: |
|
(A) the school applied the truancy prevention |
|
measures adopted under Subsection (a) to the student; and |
|
(B) the truancy prevention measures failed to |
|
meaningfully address the student's school attendance; and |
|
(2) specify whether the student is eligible for or |
|
receives special education services under Subchapter A, Chapter 29. |
|
(c) A truancy court shall dismiss a petition filed by a |
|
truant conduct prosecutor under Section 63.04 if the court |
|
determines that the school district's referral: |
|
(1) does [complaint or referral made by a school
|
|
district under this section that is] not comply [made in
|
|
compliance] with Subsection (b); |
|
(2) does not satisfy the elements required for truant |
|
conduct; |
|
(3) is not timely filed; or |
|
(4) is otherwise defective. |
|
(d) Except as provided by Subsection (e), a school district |
|
shall employ a truancy prevention facilitator to implement the |
|
truancy prevention measures required by this section and any other |
|
effective truancy prevention measures as determined by the school |
|
district or campus. At least annually, the truancy prevention |
|
facilitator shall meet to discuss effective truancy prevention |
|
measures with a case manager or other individual designated by a |
|
truancy court to provide services to students of the school |
|
district in truancy cases. |
|
(e) Instead of employing a truancy prevention facilitator, |
|
a school district may designate an existing district employee to |
|
implement the truancy prevention measures required by this section |
|
and any other effective truancy prevention measures as determined |
|
by the school district or campus. |
|
(f) The agency shall adopt rules: |
|
(1) creating minimum standards for truancy prevention |
|
measures adopted by a school district under this section; and |
|
(2) establishing a set of best practices for truancy |
|
prevention measures. |
|
(g) The agency shall adopt rules to provide for sanctions |
|
for a school district found to be not in compliance with this |
|
section. |
|
SECTION 10. Sections 25.0916(a), (c), (d), (f), (h), and |
|
(i), Education Code, are amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) This section applies only to a county with two or more |
|
courts hearing truancy cases [:
|
|
[(1) with a population greater than 1.5 million; and
|
|
[(2) that includes at least:
|
|
[(A)
15 school districts with the majority of
|
|
district territory in the county; and
|
|
[(B)
one school district with a student
|
|
enrollment of 50,000 or more and an annual dropout rate spanning
|
|
grades 9-12 of at least five percent, computed in accordance with
|
|
standards and definitions adopted by the National Center for
|
|
Education Statistics of the United States Department of Education]. |
|
(c) Not later than September 1, 2016 [2013], the county |
|
judge and the mayor of the municipality in the county with the |
|
greatest population shall each appoint one member to serve on the |
|
committee as a representative of each of the following: |
|
(1) a juvenile [district] court; |
|
(2) a municipal court; |
|
(3) the office of a justice of the peace; |
|
(4) the superintendent or designee of an independent |
|
school district; |
|
(5) an open-enrollment charter school; |
|
(6) the office of the prosecutor with felony |
|
jurisdiction in the county [district attorney]; and |
|
(7) the general public. |
|
(d) Not later than September 1, 2016 [2013], the county |
|
judge shall appoint to serve on the committee one member from the |
|
house of representatives and one member from the senate who are |
|
members of the respective standing legislative committees with |
|
primary jurisdiction over public education. |
|
(f) Not later than September 1, 2017 [2014], the committee |
|
shall recommend: |
|
(1) a uniform process for filing truancy cases with |
|
the judicial system; |
|
(2) uniform administrative procedures; |
|
(3) uniform deadlines for processing truancy cases; |
|
(4) effective prevention, intervention, and diversion |
|
methods to reduce truancy and referrals to a county, justice, or |
|
municipal court; |
|
(5) a system for tracking truancy information and |
|
sharing truancy information among school districts and |
|
open-enrollment charter schools in the county; and |
|
(6) any changes to statutes or state agency rules the |
|
committee determines are necessary to address truancy. |
|
(h) The committee's presiding officer shall issue a report |
|
not later than December 1, 2017 [2015], on the implementation of the |
|
recommendations and compliance with state truancy laws by a school |
|
district located in the county. |
|
(i) This section expires January 1, 2018 [2016]. |
|
SECTION 11. Section 25.093, Education Code, is amended by |
|
amending Subsections (a) and (c) and adding Subsection (c-1) to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(a) If a warning is issued as required by Section 25.095(a), |
|
the parent with criminal negligence fails to require the child to |
|
attend school as required by law, and the child has absences for the |
|
amount of time specified under Section 62.03(a) [25.094], the |
|
parent commits an offense. |
|
(c) An offense under Subsection (a) is a Class C |
|
misdemeanor, punishable by a fine not to exceed: |
|
(1) $100 for a first offense; |
|
(2) $200 for a second offense; |
|
(3) $300 for a third offense; |
|
(4) $400 for a fourth offense; or |
|
(5) $500 for a fifth or subsequent offense. |
|
(c-1) Each day the child remains out of school may |
|
constitute a separate offense. Two or more offenses under |
|
Subsection (a) may be consolidated and prosecuted in a single |
|
action. If the court orders deferred disposition under Article |
|
45.051, Code of Criminal Procedure, the court may require the |
|
defendant to provide personal services to a charitable or |
|
educational institution as a condition of the deferral. |
|
SECTION 12. Sections 25.095(a) and (c), Education Code, are |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) A school district or open-enrollment charter school |
|
shall notify a student's parent in writing at the beginning of the |
|
school year that if the student is absent from school on 10 or more |
|
days or parts of days within a six-month period in the same school |
|
year or on three or more days or parts of days within a four-week |
|
period: |
|
(1) the student's parent is subject to prosecution |
|
under Section 25.093; and |
|
(2) the student is subject to [prosecution under
|
|
Section 25.094 or to] referral to a truancy [juvenile] court [in a
|
|
county with a population of less than 100,000] for truant conduct |
|
under Section 62.03(a) [that violates that section]. |
|
(c) The fact that a parent did not receive a notice under |
|
Subsection (a) or (b) does not create a defense [to prosecution] |
|
under Section 25.093 or 62.03(a) [25.094]. |
|
SECTION 13. Section 25.0951, Education Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 25.0951. SCHOOL DISTRICT COMPLAINT OR REFERRAL FOR |
|
FAILURE TO ATTEND SCHOOL. (a) If a student fails to attend school |
|
without excuse on 10 or more days or parts of days within a |
|
six-month period in the same school year, a school district shall |
|
within 10 school days of the student's 10th absence[:
|
|
[(1)
file a complaint against the student or the
|
|
student's parent or both in a county, justice, or municipal court
|
|
for an offense under Section 25.093 or 25.094, as appropriate, or
|
|
refer the student to a juvenile court in a county with a population
|
|
of less than 100,000 for conduct that violates Section 25.094; or
|
|
[(2)] refer the student to a truancy [juvenile] court |
|
for truant conduct [indicating a need for supervision] under |
|
Section 62.03(a) [51.03(b)(2), Family Code]. |
|
(b) If a student fails to attend school without excuse on |
|
three or more days or parts of days within a four-week period but |
|
does not fail to attend school for the time described by Subsection |
|
(a), the school district may[:
|
|
[(1)
file a complaint against the student or the
|
|
student's parent or both in a county, justice, or municipal court
|
|
for an offense under Section 25.093 or 25.094, as appropriate, or
|
|
refer the student to a juvenile court in a county with a population
|
|
of less than 100,000 for conduct that violates Section 25.094; or
|
|
[(2)] refer the student to a truancy [juvenile] court |
|
for truant conduct [indicating a need for supervision] under |
|
Section 62.03(a) [51.03(b)(2), Family Code]. |
|
(c) If a student fails to attend school without excuse as |
|
specified by Subsection (a) or (b), a school district may file a |
|
complaint against the student's parent in a county, justice, or |
|
municipal court for an offense under Section 25.093 if the school |
|
district provides evidence of the parent's criminal negligence. In |
|
this subsection [section], "parent" includes a person standing in |
|
parental relation. |
|
(d) A court shall dismiss a complaint [or referral] made by |
|
a school district under Subsection (c) [under this section] that: |
|
(1) does [is] not comply [made in compliance] with |
|
this section; |
|
(2) does not satisfy the elements required for the |
|
offense; |
|
(3) is not timely filed; or |
|
(4) is otherwise defective. |
|
SECTION 14. Section 25.0952, Education Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 25.0952. PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO PARENT CONTRIBUTING |
|
TO NONATTENDANCE OFFENSE [SCHOOL ATTENDANCE-RELATED OFFENSES]. In |
|
a proceeding based on a complaint under Section 25.093 [or 25.094], |
|
the court shall, except as otherwise provided by this chapter, use |
|
the procedures and exercise the powers authorized by Chapter 45, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 15. Section 29.087(d), Education Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(d) A student is eligible to participate in a program |
|
authorized by this section if: |
|
(1) the student has been ordered by a court under |
|
Section 64.03 [Article 45.054, Code of Criminal Procedure, as added
|
|
by Chapter 1514, Acts of the 77th Legislature, Regular Session,
|
|
2001,] or by the Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth
|
|
Commission] to: |
|
(A) participate in a preparatory class for the |
|
high school equivalency examination; or |
|
(B) take the high school equivalency examination |
|
administered under Section 7.111; or |
|
(2) the following conditions are satisfied: |
|
(A) the student is at least 16 years of age at the |
|
beginning of the school year or semester; |
|
(B) the student is a student at risk of dropping |
|
out of school, as defined by Section 29.081; |
|
(C) the student and the student's parent or |
|
guardian agree in writing to the student's participation; |
|
(D) at least two school years have elapsed since |
|
the student first enrolled in ninth grade and the student has |
|
accumulated less than one third of the credits required to graduate |
|
under the minimum graduation requirements of the district or |
|
school; and |
|
(E) any other conditions specified by the |
|
commissioner. |
|
SECTION 16. Section 33.051(2), Education Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(2) "Missing child" means a child whose whereabouts |
|
are unknown to the legal custodian of the child and: |
|
(A) the circumstances of whose absence indicate |
|
that the child did not voluntarily leave the care and control of the |
|
custodian and that the taking of the child was not authorized by |
|
law; or |
|
(B) the child has engaged in conduct indicating a |
|
need for supervision under Section 51.03(b)(2) [51.03(b)(3)], |
|
Family Code. |
|
SECTION 17. Title 2, Education Code, is amended by adding |
|
Subtitle J to read as follows: |
|
SUBTITLE J. TRUANCY COURT PROCEEDINGS |
|
CHAPTER 62. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Sec. 62.01. SCOPE AND PURPOSE. (a) This subtitle details |
|
the procedures and proceedings in cases involving allegations of |
|
truant conduct. |
|
(b) The purpose of this subtitle is to encourage school |
|
attendance by creating simple civil judicial procedures through |
|
which children are held accountable for excessive school absences. |
|
Sec. 62.02. DEFINITIONS. In this subtitle: |
|
(1) "Child" means a person who is 12 years of age or |
|
older and younger than 18 years of age. |
|
(2) "Juvenile court" means a court designated under |
|
Section 51.04, Family Code, to exercise jurisdiction over |
|
proceedings under Title 3, Family Code. |
|
(3) "Qualified telephone interpreter" means a |
|
telephone service that employs licensed court interpreters, as |
|
defined by Section 157.001, Government Code. |
|
(4) "Truancy court" means a court designated under |
|
Section 62.04 to exercise jurisdiction over cases involving |
|
allegations of truant conduct. |
|
Sec. 62.03. TRUANT CONDUCT. (a) A child engages in truant |
|
conduct if the child is required to attend school under Section |
|
25.085 and fails to attend school: |
|
(1) on 10 or more days or parts of days within a |
|
six-month period in the same school year; or |
|
(2) on three or more days or parts of days within a |
|
four-week period. |
|
(b) Truant conduct may be prosecuted only as a civil case in |
|
a truancy court. |
|
(c) It is an affirmative defense to an allegation of truant |
|
conduct that one or more of the absences required to be proven have |
|
been excused by a school official or by the court or that one or more |
|
of the absences were involuntary, but only if there is an |
|
insufficient number of unexcused or voluntary absences remaining to |
|
constitute truant conduct. The burden is on the child to show by a |
|
preponderance of the evidence that the absence has been or should be |
|
excused or that the absence was involuntary. A decision by the |
|
court to excuse an absence for purposes of this subsection does not |
|
affect the ability of the school district to determine whether to |
|
excuse the absence for another purpose. |
|
Sec. 62.04. TRUANCY COURTS; JURISDICTION. (a) The |
|
following are designated as truancy courts: |
|
(1) in a county with a population of 1.75 million or |
|
more, the constitutional county court; |
|
(2) justice courts; and |
|
(3) municipal courts. |
|
(b) A truancy court has exclusive original jurisdiction |
|
over cases involving allegations of truant conduct. |
|
(c) A municipality may enter into an agreement with a |
|
contiguous municipality or a municipality with boundaries that are |
|
within one-half mile of the municipality seeking to enter into the |
|
agreement to establish concurrent jurisdiction of the municipal |
|
courts in the municipalities and provide original jurisdiction to a |
|
municipal court in which a truancy case is brought as if the |
|
municipal court were located in the municipality in which the case |
|
arose. |
|
(d) A truancy court retains jurisdiction over a person, |
|
without regard to the age of the person, who was referred to the |
|
court under Section 63.01 for engaging in truant conduct before the |
|
person's 18th birthday, until final disposition of the case. |
|
Sec. 62.05. COURT SESSIONS. A truancy court is considered |
|
to be in session at all times. |
|
Sec. 62.06. VENUE. Venue for a proceeding under this |
|
subtitle is the county in which the alleged truant conduct |
|
occurred. |
|
Sec. 62.07. RIGHT TO JURY TRIAL. (a) A child alleged to |
|
have engaged in truant conduct may demand a jury trial. |
|
(b) The number of jurors in a case involving an allegation |
|
of truant conduct is six. The state and the child are each entitled |
|
to three peremptory challenges. |
|
Sec. 62.08. WAIVER OF RIGHTS. A right granted to a child by |
|
this subtitle or by the constitution or laws of this state or the |
|
United States is waived in proceedings under this subtitle if: |
|
(1) the right is one that may be waived; |
|
(2) the child and the child's parent or guardian are |
|
informed of the right, understand the right, understand the |
|
possible consequences of waiving the right, and understand that |
|
waiver of the right is not required; |
|
(3) the child signs the waiver; |
|
(4) the child's parent or guardian signs the waiver; |
|
and |
|
(5) the child's attorney signs the waiver, if the child |
|
is represented by counsel. |
|
Sec. 62.09. EFFECT OF ADJUDICATION. (a) An adjudication |
|
of a child as having engaged in truant conduct is not a conviction |
|
of crime. An order of adjudication does not impose any civil |
|
disability ordinarily resulting from a conviction or operate to |
|
disqualify the child in any civil service application or |
|
appointment. |
|
(b) The adjudication of a child as having engaged in truant |
|
conduct may not be used in any subsequent court proceedings, other |
|
than an appeal under this subtitle. |
|
Sec. 62.10. BURDEN OF PROOF. A court or jury may not return |
|
a finding that a child has engaged in truant conduct unless the |
|
state has proved the conduct beyond a reasonable doubt. |
|
Sec. 62.11. APPLICABLE RULES OF EVIDENCE. The Texas Rules |
|
of Evidence applicable to criminal cases apply in a proceeding |
|
under this subtitle. |
|
Sec. 62.12. APPLICABLE STATUTES REGARDING DISCOVERY. |
|
Discovery in a proceeding under this subtitle is governed by |
|
Chapter 39, Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
Sec. 62.13. PROCEDURAL RULES. The supreme court may |
|
promulgate rules of procedure applicable to proceedings under this |
|
subtitle. |
|
Sec. 62.14. INTERPRETERS. (a) When on the motion for |
|
appointment of an interpreter by a party or on the motion of the |
|
court, in any proceeding under this subtitle, the court determines |
|
that the child, the child's parent or guardian, or a witness does |
|
not understand and speak English, an interpreter must be sworn to |
|
interpret for the person. Articles 38.30(a), (b), and (c), Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure, apply in a proceeding under this subtitle. A |
|
qualified telephone interpreter may be sworn to provide |
|
interpretation services if an interpreter is not available to |
|
appear in person before the court. |
|
(b) In any proceeding under this subtitle, if a party |
|
notifies the court that the child, the child's parent or guardian, |
|
or a witness is deaf, the court shall appoint a qualified |
|
interpreter to interpret the proceedings in any language, including |
|
sign language, that the deaf person can understand. Articles |
|
38.31(d), (e), (f), and (g), Code of Criminal Procedure, apply in a |
|
proceeding under this subtitle. |
|
Sec. 62.15. SIGNATURES. Any requirement under this |
|
subtitle that a document be signed or that a document contain a |
|
person's signature, including the signature of a judge or a clerk of |
|
the court, is satisfied if the document contains the signature of |
|
the person as captured on an electronic device or as a digital |
|
signature. |
|
Sec. 62.16. PUBLIC ACCESS TO COURT HEARINGS. (a) Except as |
|
provided by Subsection (b), a truancy court shall open a hearing |
|
under this subtitle to the public unless the court, for good cause |
|
shown, determines that the public should be excluded. |
|
(b) The court may prohibit a person from personally |
|
attending a hearing if the person is expected to testify at the |
|
hearing and the court determines that the person's testimony would |
|
be materially affected if the person hears other testimony at the |
|
hearing. |
|
Sec. 62.17. RECORDING OF PROCEEDINGS. (a) The proceedings |
|
in a truancy court that is not a court of record may not be recorded. |
|
(b) The proceedings in a truancy court that is a court of |
|
record must be recorded by stenographic notes or by electronic, |
|
mechanical, or other appropriate means. |
|
Sec. 62.18. JUVENILE CASE MANAGERS. A truancy court may |
|
employ a juvenile case manager in accordance with Article 45.056, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure, to provide services to children who |
|
have been referred to the truancy court or who are in jeopardy of |
|
being referred to the truancy court. |
|
CHAPTER 63. INITIAL PROCEDURES |
|
Sec. 63.01. INITIAL REFERRAL TO TRUANCY COURT. When a |
|
truancy court receives a referral under Section 25.0915 and the |
|
court is not required to dismiss the referral under that section, |
|
the court shall forward the referral to a truant conduct prosecutor |
|
who serves the court. |
|
Sec. 63.02. TRUANT CONDUCT PROSECUTOR. A truant conduct |
|
prosecutor may be any attorney who represents the state in civil or |
|
criminal matters in a justice or municipal court or a |
|
constitutional county court that is designated as a truancy court. |
|
Sec. 63.03. REVIEW BY PROSECUTOR. (a) The truant conduct |
|
prosecutor shall promptly review the facts described in a referral |
|
received under Section 63.01. |
|
(b) The prosecutor may, in the prosecutor's discretion, |
|
determine whether to file a petition with the truancy court |
|
requesting an adjudication of the child for truant conduct. If the |
|
prosecutor decides not to file a petition requesting an |
|
adjudication, the prosecutor shall inform the truancy court and the |
|
school district of the decision. |
|
(c) The prosecutor may not request an adjudication for |
|
truant conduct if the referral was not made in compliance with |
|
Section 25.0915. |
|
Sec. 63.04. STATE'S PETITION. (a) A petition for an |
|
adjudication of a child for truant conduct initiates an action of |
|
the state against a child who has allegedly engaged in truant |
|
conduct. |
|
(b) The proceedings shall be styled "In the matter of |
|
_______________, Child," identifying the child by the child's |
|
initials only. |
|
(c) The petition may be on information and belief. |
|
(d) The petition must state: |
|
(1) with reasonable particularity the time, place, and |
|
manner of the acts alleged to constitute truant conduct; |
|
(2) the name, age, and residence address, if known, of |
|
the child who is the subject of the petition; |
|
(3) the names and residence addresses, if known, of |
|
the parent, guardian, or custodian of the child and of the child's |
|
spouse, if any; and |
|
(4) if the child's parent, guardian, or custodian does |
|
not reside or cannot be found in the state, or if their places of |
|
residence are unknown, the name and residence address of any known |
|
adult relative residing in the county or, if there is none, the name |
|
and residence address of the known adult relative residing nearest |
|
to the location of the court. |
|
(e) Filing fees may not be charged for the filing of the |
|
state's petition. |
|
Sec. 63.05. LIMITATIONS PERIOD. A petition may not be filed |
|
after the 30th day after the date of the last absence giving rise to |
|
the act of truant conduct. |
|
Sec. 63.06. HEARING DATE. (a) After the petition has been |
|
filed, the truancy court shall set a date and time for an |
|
adjudication hearing. |
|
(b) The hearing may not be held on or before the 10th day |
|
after the date the petition is filed. |
|
Sec. 63.07. SUMMONS. (a) After setting the date and time |
|
of an adjudication hearing, the truancy court shall direct the |
|
issuance of a summons to: |
|
(1) the child named in the petition; |
|
(2) the child's parent, guardian, or custodian; |
|
(3) the child's guardian ad litem, if any; and |
|
(4) any other person who appears to the court to be a |
|
proper or necessary party to the proceeding. |
|
(b) The summons must require the persons served to appear |
|
before the court at the place, date, and time of the adjudication |
|
hearing to answer the allegations of the petition. A copy of the |
|
petition must accompany the summons. If a person, other than the |
|
child, required to appear under this section fails to attend a |
|
hearing, the truancy court may proceed with the hearing. |
|
(c) The truancy court may endorse on the summons an order |
|
directing the person having the physical custody or control of the |
|
child to bring the child to the hearing. |
|
(d) A party, other than the child, may waive service of |
|
summons by written stipulation or by voluntary appearance at the |
|
hearing. |
|
Sec. 63.08. SERVICE OF SUMMONS. (a) If a person to be |
|
served with a summons is in this state and can be found, the summons |
|
shall be served on the person personally at least two days before |
|
the date of the adjudication hearing. If the person cannot be |
|
found, but the person's address in this state is known or can with |
|
reasonable diligence be ascertained, the summons may be served by |
|
mailing a copy by registered or certified mail, return receipt |
|
requested, at least five days before the date of the hearing. If |
|
the person is outside this state but can be found or the person's |
|
address is known, or the person's whereabouts or address can with |
|
reasonable diligence be ascertained, service of the summons may be |
|
made by delivering a copy personally or mailing a copy by registered |
|
or certified mail, return receipt requested, not later than the |
|
fifth day before the date of the hearing. |
|
(b) Service of the summons may be made by any suitable |
|
person under the direction of the court. |
|
Sec. 63.09. REPRESENTATION BY ATTORNEY. A child may be |
|
represented by an attorney in a case under this subtitle. |
|
Representation by an attorney is not required. |
|
Sec. 63.10. CHILD'S ANSWER. After the petition has been |
|
filed, the child may answer, orally or in writing, the petition at |
|
or before the commencement of the hearing. If the child does not |
|
answer, a general denial of the alleged truant conduct is assumed. |
|
Sec. 63.11. GUARDIAN AD LITEM. (a) If a child appears |
|
before the truancy court without a parent or guardian, or it appears |
|
to the court that the child's parent or guardian is incapable or |
|
unwilling to make decisions in the best interest of the child with |
|
respect to proceedings under this subtitle, the court may appoint a |
|
guardian ad litem to protect the interests of the child in the |
|
proceedings. |
|
(b) An attorney for a child may also be the child's guardian |
|
ad litem. A law enforcement officer, probation officer, or other |
|
employee of the truancy court may not be appointed as a guardian ad |
|
litem. |
|
(c) The court may order a child's parent or other person |
|
responsible to support the child to reimburse the county or |
|
municipality for the cost of the guardian ad litem. The court may |
|
issue the order only after determining that the parent or other |
|
responsible person has sufficient financial resources to offset the |
|
cost of the child's guardian ad litem wholly or partly. |
|
Sec. 63.12. ATTENDANCE AT HEARING. (a) The child must be |
|
personally present at the adjudication hearing. The truancy court |
|
may not proceed with the adjudication hearing in the absence of the |
|
child. |
|
(b) Each parent or guardian of a child and any |
|
court-appointed guardian ad litem of a child is required to attend |
|
the adjudication hearing. |
|
(c) Subsection (b) does not apply to: |
|
(1) a person for whom, for good cause shown, the court |
|
excuses attendance; |
|
(2) a person who is not a resident of this state; or |
|
(3) a parent of a child for whom a managing conservator |
|
has been appointed and the parent is not a conservator of the child. |
|
Sec. 63.13. RIGHT TO REEMPLOYMENT. (a) An employer may |
|
not terminate the employment of a permanent employee because the |
|
employee is required under Section 63.12(b) to attend a hearing. |
|
(b) Notwithstanding any other law, an employee whose |
|
employment is terminated in violation of this section is entitled |
|
to return to the same employment that the employee held when |
|
notified of the hearing if the employee, as soon as practical after |
|
the hearing, gives the employer actual notice that the employee |
|
intends to return. |
|
(c) A person who is injured because of a violation of this |
|
section is entitled to: |
|
(1) reinstatement to the person's former position; |
|
(2) damages not to exceed an amount equal to six times |
|
the amount of monthly compensation received by the person on the |
|
date of the hearing; and |
|
(3) reasonable attorney's fees in an amount approved |
|
by the court. |
|
(d) It is a defense to an action brought under this section |
|
that the employer's circumstances changed while the employee |
|
attended the hearing and caused reemployment to be impossible or |
|
unreasonable. To establish a defense under this subsection, an |
|
employer must prove that the termination of employment was because |
|
of circumstances other than the employee's attendance at the |
|
hearing. |
|
Sec. 63.14. SUBPOENA OF WITNESS. A witness may be |
|
subpoenaed in accordance with the procedures for the subpoena of a |
|
witness under the Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
Sec. 63.15. CHILD ALLEGED TO BE MENTALLY ILL. (a) A party |
|
may make a motion requesting that a petition alleging a child to |
|
have engaged in truant conduct be dismissed because the child has a |
|
mental illness, as defined by Section 571.003, Health and Safety |
|
Code. In response to the motion, the truancy court shall |
|
temporarily stay the proceedings to determine whether probable |
|
cause exists to believe the child has a mental illness. In making a |
|
determination, the court may: |
|
(1) consider the motion, supporting documents, |
|
professional statements of counsel, and witness testimony; and |
|
(2) observe the child. |
|
(b) If the court determines that probable cause exists to |
|
believe that the child has a mental illness, the court shall dismiss |
|
the petition. If the court determines that evidence does not exist |
|
to support a finding that the child has a mental illness, the court |
|
shall dissolve the stay and continue with the truancy court |
|
proceedings. |
|
CHAPTER 64. ADJUDICATION HEARING AND REMEDIES |
|
Sec. 64.01. ADJUDICATION HEARING; JUDGMENT. (a) A child |
|
may be found to have engaged in truant conduct only after an |
|
adjudication hearing conducted in accordance with the provisions of |
|
this subtitle. |
|
(b) At the beginning of the adjudication hearing, the judge |
|
of the truancy court shall explain to the child and the child's |
|
parent, guardian, or guardian ad litem: |
|
(1) the allegations made against the child; |
|
(2) the nature and possible consequences of the |
|
proceedings; |
|
(3) the child's privilege against self-incrimination; |
|
(4) the child's right to trial and to confrontation of |
|
witnesses; |
|
(5) the child's right to representation by an attorney |
|
if the child is not already represented; and |
|
(6) the child's right to a jury trial. |
|
(c) Trial is by jury unless jury is waived in accordance |
|
with Section 62.08. Jury verdicts under this subtitle must be |
|
unanimous. |
|
(d) Only material, relevant, and competent evidence in |
|
accordance with the Texas Rules of Evidence applicable to criminal |
|
cases and Chapter 38, Code of Criminal Procedure, may be considered |
|
in the adjudication hearing. |
|
(e) A child alleged to have engaged in truant conduct need |
|
not be a witness against nor otherwise incriminate himself or |
|
herself. An extrajudicial statement that was obtained without |
|
fulfilling the requirements of this subtitle or of the constitution |
|
of this state or the United States may not be used in an |
|
adjudication hearing. A statement made by the child out of court is |
|
insufficient to support a finding of truant conduct unless it is |
|
corroborated wholly or partly by other evidence. |
|
(f) At the conclusion of the adjudication hearing, the court |
|
or jury shall find whether the child has engaged in truant conduct. |
|
The finding must be based on competent evidence admitted at the |
|
hearing. The child shall be presumed to have not engaged in truant |
|
conduct and no finding that a child has engaged in truant conduct |
|
may be returned unless the state has proved the conduct beyond a |
|
reasonable doubt. In all jury cases the jury will be instructed |
|
that the burden is on the state to prove that a child has engaged in |
|
truant conduct beyond a reasonable doubt. |
|
(g) If the court or jury finds that the child did not engage |
|
in truant conduct, the court shall dismiss the case with prejudice. |
|
(h) If the court or jury finds that the child did engage in |
|
truant conduct, the court shall proceed to issue a judgment finding |
|
the child has engaged in truant conduct and order the remedies the |
|
court finds appropriate under Section 64.03. The jury is not |
|
involved in ordering remedies for a child who has been adjudicated |
|
as having engaged in truant conduct. |
|
Sec. 64.02. REMEDIAL ACTIONS. (a) The truancy court shall |
|
determine and order appropriate remedial actions in regard to a |
|
child who has been found to have engaged in truant conduct. |
|
(b) The truancy court shall orally pronounce the court's |
|
remedial actions in the child's presence and enter those actions in |
|
a written order. |
|
(c) After pronouncing the court's remedial actions, the |
|
court shall advise the child and the child's parent, guardian, or |
|
guardian ad litem of: |
|
(1) the child's right to appeal, as detailed in Chapter |
|
65; and |
|
(2) the procedures for the sealing of the child's |
|
records under Section 66.01. |
|
Sec. 64.03. REMEDIAL ORDER. (a) A truancy court may enter |
|
a remedial order requiring a child who has been found to have |
|
engaged in truant conduct to: |
|
(1) attend school without unexcused absences; |
|
(2) attend a preparatory class for the high school |
|
equivalency examination administered under Section 7.111 if the |
|
court determines that the individual is unlikely to do well in a |
|
formal classroom environment due to the individual's age; |
|
(3) if the child is at least 16 years of age, take the |
|
high school equivalency examination administered under Section |
|
7.111; |
|
(4) attend a special program that the court determines |
|
to be in the best interest of the child, including: |
|
(A) an alcohol and drug abuse program; |
|
(B) a rehabilitation program; |
|
(C) a counseling program, including a |
|
self-improvement program; |
|
(D) a program that provides training in |
|
self-esteem and leadership; |
|
(E) a work and job skills training program; |
|
(F) a program that provides training in |
|
parenting, including parental responsibility; |
|
(G) a program that provides training in manners; |
|
(H) a program that provides training in violence |
|
avoidance; |
|
(I) a program that provides sensitivity |
|
training; and |
|
(J) a program that provides training in advocacy |
|
and mentoring; |
|
(5) complete not more than 50 hours of community |
|
service on a project acceptable to the court; and |
|
(6) participate for a specified number of hours in a |
|
tutorial program covering the academic subjects in which the child |
|
is enrolled that are provided by the school the child attends. |
|
(b) A truancy court may not order a child who has been found |
|
to have engaged in truant conduct to attend a juvenile justice |
|
alternative education program. |
|
(c) In addition to any other order authorized by this |
|
section, a truancy court may order the Department of Public Safety |
|
to suspend the driver's license or permit of a child who has been |
|
found to have engaged in truant conduct. If the child does not have |
|
a driver's license or permit, the court may order the Department of |
|
Public Safety to deny the issuance of a license or permit to the |
|
child. The period of the license or permit suspension or the order |
|
that the issuance of a license or permit be denied may not extend |
|
beyond the maximum time period that a remedial order is effective as |
|
provided by Section 64.04. |
|
Sec. 64.04. MAXIMUM TIME REMEDIAL ORDER IS EFFECTIVE. A |
|
truancy court's remedial order under Section 64.03 is effective |
|
until the later of: |
|
(1) the date specified by the court in the order, which |
|
may not be later than the 180th day after the date the order is |
|
entered; or |
|
(2) the last day of the school year in which the order |
|
was entered. |
|
Sec. 64.05. ORDERS AFFECTING PARENTS AND OTHERS. (a) If a |
|
child has been found to have engaged in truant conduct, the truancy |
|
court may: |
|
(1) order the child and the child's parent to attend a |
|
class for students at risk of dropping out of school that is |
|
designed for both the child and the child's parent; |
|
(2) order any person found by the court to have, by a |
|
wilful act or omission, contributed to, caused, or encouraged the |
|
child's truant conduct to do any act that the court determines to be |
|
reasonable and necessary for the welfare of the child or to refrain |
|
from doing any act that the court determines to be injurious to the |
|
child's welfare; |
|
(3) enjoin all contact between the child and a person |
|
who is found to be a contributing cause of the child's truant |
|
conduct; |
|
(4) after notice to, and a hearing with, all persons |
|
affected, order any person living in the same household with the |
|
child to participate in social or psychological counseling to |
|
assist in the child's rehabilitation; |
|
(5) order the child's parent or other person |
|
responsible for the child's support to pay all or part of the |
|
reasonable costs of treatment programs in which the child is |
|
ordered to participate if the court finds the child's parent or |
|
person responsible for the child's support is able to pay the costs; |
|
(6) order the child's parent to attend a program for |
|
parents of students with unexcused absences that provides |
|
instruction designed to assist those parents in identifying |
|
problems that contribute to the child's unexcused absences and in |
|
developing strategies for resolving those problems; and |
|
(7) order the child's parent to perform not more than |
|
50 hours of community service with the child. |
|
(b) A person subject to an order proposed under Subsection |
|
(a) is entitled to a hearing before the order is entered by the |
|
court. |
|
(c) On a finding by the court that a child's parents have |
|
made a reasonable good faith effort to prevent the child from |
|
engaging in truant conduct and that, despite the parents' efforts, |
|
the child continues to engage in truant conduct, the court shall |
|
waive any requirement for community service that may be imposed on a |
|
parent under this section. |
|
Sec. 64.06. LIABILITY FOR CLAIMS ARISING FROM COMMUNITY |
|
SERVICE. (a) A municipality or county that establishes a program |
|
to assist children and their parents in rendering community service |
|
under this chapter may purchase an insurance policy protecting the |
|
municipality or county against a claim brought by a person other |
|
than the child or the child's parent for a cause of action that |
|
arises from an act of the child or parent while rendering the |
|
community service. The municipality or county is not liable for the |
|
claim to the extent that damages are recoverable under a contract of |
|
insurance or under a plan of self-insurance authorized by statute. |
|
(b) The liability of the municipality or county for a claim |
|
that arises from an action of the child or the child's parent while |
|
rendering community service may not exceed $100,000 to a single |
|
person and $300,000 for a single occurrence in the case of personal |
|
injury or death, and $10,000 for a single occurrence of property |
|
damage. Liability may not extend to punitive or exemplary damages. |
|
(c) This section does not waive a defense, immunity, or |
|
jurisdictional bar available to the municipality or county or its |
|
officers or employees, nor shall this section be construed to |
|
waive, repeal, or modify any provision of Chapter 101, Civil |
|
Practice and Remedies Code. |
|
Sec. 64.07. COURT COST. (a) If a child is found to have |
|
engaged in truant conduct, the truancy court, after giving the |
|
child, parent, or other person responsible for the child's support |
|
a reasonable opportunity to be heard, shall order the child, |
|
parent, or other person, if financially able to do so, to pay a |
|
court cost of $50 to the clerk of the court. |
|
(b) The court's order to pay the $50 court cost is not |
|
effective unless the order is reduced to writing and signed by the |
|
judge. The written order to pay the court cost may be part of the |
|
court's order detailing the remedial actions in the case. |
|
(c) The clerk of the court shall keep a record of the court |
|
costs collected under this section and shall forward the funds to |
|
the county treasurer, municipal treasurer, or person fulfilling the |
|
role of a county treasurer or municipal treasurer, as appropriate. |
|
(d) The court costs collected under this section shall be |
|
deposited in a special account that can be used only to offset the |
|
cost of the operations of the truancy court. |
|
Sec. 64.08. HEARING TO MODIFY REMEDY. (a) A truancy court |
|
may hold a hearing to modify any remedy imposed by the court. A |
|
remedy may only be modified during the period the order is effective |
|
under Section 64.04. |
|
(b) There is no right to a jury at a hearing under this |
|
section. |
|
(c) A hearing to modify a remedy imposed by the court shall |
|
be held on the petition of the child and the child's parent, |
|
guardian, guardian ad litem, or attorney, the state, or the court. |
|
Reasonable notice of a hearing to modify disposition shall be given |
|
to all parties. |
|
(d) Notwithstanding any other law, in considering a motion |
|
to modify a remedy imposed by the court, the truancy court may |
|
consider a written report from a school district official or |
|
employee, juvenile case manager, or professional consultant in |
|
addition to the testimony of witnesses. The court shall provide the |
|
attorney for the child and the prosecuting attorney with access to |
|
all written matters to be considered by the court. The court may |
|
order counsel not to reveal items to the child or to the child's |
|
parent, guardian, or guardian ad litem if the disclosure would |
|
materially harm the treatment and rehabilitation of the child or |
|
would substantially decrease the likelihood of receiving |
|
information from the same or similar sources in the future. |
|
(e) The truancy court shall pronounce, in the presence of |
|
the child, the court's changes to the remedy, if any. The court |
|
shall specifically state the new remedy and the court's reasons for |
|
modifying the remedy in a written order. The court shall furnish a |
|
copy of the order to the child. |
|
Sec. 64.09. MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL. The order of a truancy |
|
court may be challenged by filing a motion for new trial. Rules |
|
505.3(c) and (e), Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, apply to a motion |
|
for new trial. |
|
CHAPTER 65. APPEAL |
|
Sec. 65.01. RIGHT TO APPEAL. (a) The child or the state |
|
may appeal any order of a truancy court. |
|
(b) An appeal from a truancy court that is a court of record |
|
shall be to a court of appeals. The case may be carried to the |
|
supreme court by writ of error as in civil cases generally. On |
|
appeal, the judgment of the truancy court is suspended. |
|
(c) An appeal from a truancy court that is not a court of |
|
record shall be to a juvenile court. The case must be tried de novo |
|
in the juvenile court. This subtitle applies to the de novo trial |
|
in the juvenile court. On appeal, the judgment of the truancy court |
|
is vacated. |
|
(d) A judgment of a juvenile court in a trial conducted |
|
under Subsection (c) may be appealed in the same manner as an appeal |
|
from a truancy court that is a court of record. |
|
Sec. 65.02. GOVERNING LAW. (a) The appeal of an order of a |
|
truancy court that is a court of record is governed by the Texas |
|
Rules of Appellate Procedure. |
|
(b) Rule 506, Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, applies to the |
|
appeal of an order of a truancy court that is not a court of record |
|
to a juvenile court in the same manner as the rule applies to an |
|
appeal of a judgment of a justice court to a county court. |
|
Sec. 65.03. COUNSEL ON APPEAL. (a) A child may be |
|
represented by counsel on appeal. |
|
(b) If the child and the child's parent, guardian, or |
|
guardian ad litem request an appeal, the attorney who represented |
|
the child before the truancy court shall file a notice of appeal |
|
with the court that will hear the appeal and inform that court |
|
whether that attorney will handle the appeal. |
|
(c) An appeal serves to suspend the order of the truancy |
|
court, regardless of whether the truancy court is a court of record. |
|
(d) The appellate court may affirm, reverse, or modify the |
|
order of the truancy court. |
|
Sec. 65.04. STYLE OF CASE ON APPEAL. The child or the |
|
child's family may not be identified in an appellate opinion |
|
rendered in an appeal. The appellate opinion shall be styled, "In |
|
the matter of __________, Child," identifying the child by the |
|
child's initials only. |
|
Sec. 65.05. TRANSCRIPT ON APPEAL FROM COURT OF RECORD. |
|
(a) This section applies to an appeal from a truancy court that is |
|
a court of record. |
|
(b) An attorney retained to represent a child on appeal may |
|
request a transcription of notes of the reporter be included in the |
|
record on appeal. The attorney must obtain and pay for the |
|
transcription and furnish the transcription to the clerk in |
|
duplicate in time for inclusion in the record. |
|
(c) In an appeal under this section, the truancy court shall |
|
order the reporter to furnish a transcription without charge to the |
|
attorney if the court finds, after hearing or on an affidavit filed |
|
by the child's parent or other person responsible for support of the |
|
child, that the parent or other responsible person is unable to pay |
|
or to give security for the transcription. |
|
(d) If a transcription has been provided without charge |
|
under Subsection (c), payment is made from the general funds of the |
|
county in which the truancy proceedings were held. |
|
(e) The court reporter shall report any portion of the |
|
proceedings requested by either party or directed by the court and |
|
shall report the proceedings in question and answer form unless a |
|
narrative transcript is requested. |
|
CHAPTER 66. RECORDS |
|
Sec. 66.01. SEALING OF RECORDS. (a) A child who has been |
|
found to have engaged in truant conduct may apply, on or after the |
|
child's 18th birthday, to the truancy court that made the finding to |
|
seal the records relating to the allegation and finding of truant |
|
conduct held by: |
|
(1) the court; |
|
(2) the truant conduct prosecutor; and |
|
(3) the school district. |
|
(b) The application must include the following information |
|
or an explanation of why one or more of the following is not |
|
included: |
|
(1) the child's: |
|
(A) full name; |
|
(B) sex; |
|
(C) race or ethnicity; |
|
(D) date of birth; |
|
(E) driver's license or identification card |
|
number; and |
|
(F) social security number; |
|
(2) the dates on which the truant conduct was alleged |
|
to have occurred; and |
|
(3) if known, the cause number assigned to the |
|
petition and the court and county in which the petition was filed. |
|
(c) The truancy court shall order that the records be sealed |
|
after determining the child complied with the remedies ordered by |
|
the court in the case. |
|
(d) The truancy court shall hold a hearing before sealing a |
|
child's records under Subsection (c) unless the child waives the |
|
right to a hearing in writing and the court and the truant conduct |
|
prosecutor consent to the waiver. Reasonable notice of the hearing |
|
must be given to: |
|
(1) the child who made the application; and |
|
(2) the truant conduct prosecutor. |
|
(e) All index references to the records of the truancy court |
|
that are ordered sealed shall be deleted not later than the 30th day |
|
after the date of the sealing order. |
|
(f) A truancy court, clerk of the court, truant conduct |
|
prosecutor, or school district shall reply to a request for |
|
information concerning a child's sealed truant conduct case that no |
|
record exists with respect to the child. |
|
(g) Inspection of the sealed records may be permitted by an |
|
order of the truancy court on the petition of the person who is the |
|
subject of the records and only by those persons named in the order. |
|
(h) A person whose records have been sealed under this |
|
section is not required in any proceeding or in any application for |
|
employment, information, or licensing to state that the person has |
|
been the subject of a proceeding under this subtitle. Any statement |
|
that the person has never been found to have engaged in truant |
|
conduct may not be held against the person in any criminal or civil |
|
proceeding. |
|
(i) On or after the fifth anniversary of a child's 16th |
|
birthday, on the motion of the child or on the truancy court's own |
|
motion, the truancy court may order the destruction of the child's |
|
records that have been sealed under this section if the child has |
|
not been convicted of a felony. |
|
Sec. 66.02. CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS. Records and files |
|
created under this subtitle may be disclosed only to: |
|
(1) the judge of the truancy court, the truant conduct |
|
prosecutor, and the staff of the judge and prosecutor; |
|
(2) an attorney for the child; |
|
(3) a governmental agency if the disclosure is |
|
required or authorized by law; |
|
(4) a person or entity to whom the child is referred |
|
for treatment or services if the agency or institution disclosing |
|
the information has entered into a written confidentiality |
|
agreement with the person or entity regarding the protection of the |
|
disclosed information; |
|
(5) the Texas Department of Criminal Justice and the |
|
Texas Juvenile Justice Department for the purpose of maintaining |
|
statistical records of recidivism and for diagnosis and |
|
classification; or |
|
(6) with leave of the truancy court, any other person, |
|
agency, or institution having a legitimate interest in the |
|
proceeding or in the work of the court. |
|
Sec. 66.03. DESTRUCTION OF CERTAIN RECORDS. A truancy |
|
court shall order the destruction of the records relating to |
|
allegations of truant conduct if a prosecutor decides not to file a |
|
petition for an adjudication of truant conduct after a review of the |
|
referral under Section 63.03. |
|
CHAPTER 67. ENFORCEMENT OF ORDERS |
|
Sec. 67.01. CHILDREN IN CONTEMPT OF COURT. (a) If a child |
|
fails to obey an order issued by a truancy court under Section |
|
64.03(a), the truancy court, after providing notice and an |
|
opportunity for a hearing, may find the child in contempt of court. |
|
(b) If a truancy court finds a child in contempt of court |
|
under Subsection (a) or a child is in direct contempt of court, the |
|
court may: |
|
(1) refer the child to the juvenile court in the county |
|
for delinquent conduct under Section 51.03(a)(2), Family Code, |
|
unless the child committed the contempt while 17 years of age or |
|
older; or |
|
(2) hold the child in contempt of court and order |
|
either or both of the following: |
|
(A) that the child pay a fine not to exceed $100; |
|
or |
|
(B) that the Department of Public Safety suspend |
|
the child's driver's license or permit or, if the child does not |
|
have a license or permit, order that the Department of Public Safety |
|
deny the issuance of a license or permit to the child until the |
|
child fully complies with the court's orders. |
|
(c) A truancy court may not order the confinement of a child |
|
for the child's failure to obey an order of the court issued under |
|
Section 64.03(a). |
|
(d) A truancy court that orders the suspension or denial of |
|
a driver's license or permit under Subsection (b)(2)(B) shall |
|
notify the Department of Public Safety on receiving proof of |
|
compliance with the orders of the court and order the department to |
|
revoke the suspension or denial of the license. |
|
Sec. 67.02. PARENT OR OTHER PERSON IN CONTEMPT OF COURT. |
|
(a) A truancy court may enforce the following orders by contempt: |
|
(1) an order that a parent of a child, guardian of a |
|
child, or any court-appointed guardian ad litem of a child attend an |
|
adjudication hearing under Section 63.12(b); |
|
(2) an order requiring a person other than a child to |
|
take a particular action under Section 64.05(a); |
|
(3) an order that a child's parent, or other person |
|
responsible to support the child, reimburse the municipality or |
|
county for the cost of the guardian ad litem appointed for the child |
|
under Section 63.11(c); and |
|
(4) an order that a parent, or person other than the |
|
child, pay the $50 court cost under Section 64.07. |
|
(b) A truancy court may find a parent or person other than |
|
the child in direct contempt of the court. |
|
(c) The penalty for a finding of contempt under Subsection |
|
(a) or (b) is a fine in an amount not to exceed $100. |
|
(d) In addition to the assessment of a fine under Subsection |
|
(c), direct contempt of the truancy court by a parent or person |
|
other than the child is punishable by: |
|
(1) confinement in jail for a maximum of three days; |
|
(2) a maximum of 40 hours of community service; or |
|
(3) both confinement and community service. |
|
Sec. 67.03. WRIT OF ATTACHMENT. A truancy court may issue a |
|
writ of attachment for a person who violates an order entered under |
|
Section 63.07(c). The writ of attachment is executed in the same |
|
manner as in a criminal proceeding as provided by Chapter 24, Code |
|
of Criminal Procedure. |
|
Sec. 67.04. ENTRY OF TRUANCY COURT ORDER AGAINST PARENT OR |
|
OTHER ELIGIBLE PERSON. (a) The truancy court shall: |
|
(1) provide notice to a person who is the subject of a |
|
proposed truancy court order under Section 67.02; and |
|
(2) provide a sufficient opportunity for the person to |
|
be heard regarding the proposed order. |
|
(b) A truancy court order under Section 67.02 must be in |
|
writing and a copy promptly furnished to the parent or other |
|
eligible person. |
|
(c) The truancy court may require the parent or other |
|
eligible person to provide suitable identification to be included |
|
in the court's file. Suitable identification includes |
|
fingerprints, a driver's license number, a social security number, |
|
or similar indicia of identity. |
|
Sec. 67.05. APPEAL. (a) The parent or other eligible |
|
person against whom a final truancy court order has been entered |
|
under Section 67.02 may appeal as provided by law from judgments |
|
entered in civil cases. |
|
(b) The pendency of an appeal initiated under this section |
|
does not abate or otherwise affect the proceedings in the truancy |
|
court involving the child. |
|
Sec. 67.06. MOTION FOR ENFORCEMENT. (a) The state may |
|
initiate enforcement of a truancy court order under Section 67.02 |
|
against a parent or person other than the child by filing a written |
|
motion. In ordinary and concise language, the motion must: |
|
(1) identify the provision of the order allegedly |
|
violated and sought to be enforced; |
|
(2) state specifically and factually the manner of the |
|
person's alleged noncompliance; |
|
(3) state the relief requested; and |
|
(4) contain the signature of the party filing the |
|
motion. |
|
(b) The state must allege the particular violation by the |
|
person of the truancy court order that the state had a reasonable |
|
basis for believing the person was violating when the motion was |
|
filed. |
|
Sec. 67.07. NOTICE AND APPEARANCE. (a) On the filing of a |
|
motion for enforcement, the truancy court shall by written notice |
|
set the date, time, and place of the hearing and order the person |
|
against whom enforcement is sought to appear and respond to the |
|
motion. |
|
(b) The notice must be given by personal service or by |
|
certified mail, return receipt requested, on or before the 10th day |
|
before the date of the hearing on the motion. The notice must |
|
include a copy of the motion for enforcement. Personal service must |
|
comply with the Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(c) If a person moves to strike or specially excepts to the |
|
motion for enforcement, the truancy court shall rule on the |
|
exception or motion to strike before the court hears evidence on the |
|
motion for enforcement. If an exception is sustained, the court |
|
shall give the movant an opportunity to replead and continue the |
|
hearing to a designated date and time without the requirement of |
|
additional service. |
|
(d) If a person who has been personally served with notice |
|
to appear at the hearing does not appear, the truancy court may not |
|
hold the person in contempt, but may issue a warrant for the arrest |
|
of the person. |
|
Sec. 67.08. CONDUCT OF ENFORCEMENT HEARING. (a) The |
|
movant must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the person against |
|
whom enforcement is sought engaged in conduct constituting contempt |
|
of a reasonable and lawful court order as alleged in the motion for |
|
enforcement. |
|
(b) The person against whom enforcement is sought has a |
|
privilege not to be called as a witness or otherwise to incriminate |
|
himself or herself. |
|
(c) The truancy court shall conduct the enforcement hearing |
|
without a jury. |
|
(d) The truancy court shall include in the court's judgment: |
|
(1) findings for each violation alleged in the motion |
|
for enforcement; and |
|
(2) the punishment, if any, to be imposed. |
|
(e) If the person against whom enforcement is sought was not |
|
represented by counsel during any previous court proceeding |
|
involving a motion for enforcement, the person may, through |
|
counsel, raise any defense or affirmative defense to the proceeding |
|
that could have been asserted in the previous court proceeding that |
|
was not asserted because the person was not represented by counsel. |
|
(f) It is an affirmative defense to enforcement of a truancy |
|
court order under Section 67.02 that the court did not provide the |
|
parent or other eligible person with due process of law in the |
|
proceeding in which the court entered the order. |
|
SECTION 18. Section 51.02(15), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(15) "Status offender" means a child who is accused, |
|
adjudicated, or convicted for conduct that would not, under state |
|
law, be a crime if committed by an adult, including: |
|
(A) [truancy under Section 51.03(b)(2);
|
|
[(B)] running away from home under Section |
|
51.03(b)(2) [51.03(b)(3)]; |
|
(B) [(C)] a fineable only offense under Section |
|
51.03(b)(1) transferred to the juvenile court under Section |
|
51.08(b), but only if the conduct constituting the offense would |
|
not have been criminal if engaged in by an adult; |
|
[(D)
failure to attend school under Section
|
|
25.094, Education Code;] |
|
(C) [(E)] a violation of standards of student |
|
conduct as described by Section 51.03(b)(4) [51.03(b)(5)]; |
|
(D) [(F)] a violation of a juvenile curfew |
|
ordinance or order; |
|
(E) [(G)] a violation of a provision of the |
|
Alcoholic Beverage Code applicable to minors only; or |
|
(F) [(H)] a violation of any other fineable only |
|
offense under Section 8.07(a)(4) or (5), Penal Code, but only if the |
|
conduct constituting the offense would not have been criminal if |
|
engaged in by an adult. |
|
SECTION 19. Sections 51.03(a), (b), (e), and (f), Family |
|
Code, are amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) Delinquent conduct is: |
|
(1) conduct, other than a traffic offense, that |
|
violates a penal law of this state or of the United States |
|
punishable by imprisonment or by confinement in jail; |
|
(2) conduct that violates a lawful order of a court |
|
under circumstances that would constitute contempt of that court |
|
in: |
|
(A) a justice or municipal court; [or] |
|
(B) a county court for conduct punishable only by |
|
a fine; or |
|
(C) a truancy court; |
|
(3) conduct that violates Section 49.04, 49.05, 49.06, |
|
49.07, or 49.08, Penal Code; or |
|
(4) conduct that violates Section 106.041, Alcoholic |
|
Beverage Code, relating to driving under the influence of alcohol |
|
by a minor (third or subsequent offense). |
|
(b) Conduct indicating a need for supervision is: |
|
(1) subject to Subsection (f), conduct, other than a |
|
traffic offense, that violates: |
|
(A) the penal laws of this state of the grade of |
|
misdemeanor that are punishable by fine only; or |
|
(B) the penal ordinances of any political |
|
subdivision of this state; |
|
(2) [the absence of a child on 10 or more days or parts
|
|
of days within a six-month period in the same school year or on
|
|
three or more days or parts of days within a four-week period from
|
|
school;
|
|
[(3)] the voluntary absence of a child from the child's |
|
home without the consent of the child's parent or guardian for a |
|
substantial length of time or without intent to return; |
|
(3) [(4)] conduct prohibited by city ordinance or by |
|
state law involving the inhalation of the fumes or vapors of paint |
|
and other protective coatings or glue and other adhesives and the |
|
volatile chemicals itemized in Section 485.001, Health and Safety |
|
Code; |
|
(4) [(5)] an act that violates a school district's |
|
previously communicated written standards of student conduct for |
|
which the child has been expelled under Section 37.007(c), |
|
Education Code; |
|
(5) [(6)] conduct that violates a reasonable and |
|
lawful order of a court entered under Section 264.305; |
|
(6) [(7)] notwithstanding Subsection (a)(1), conduct |
|
described by Section 43.02(a)(1) or (2), Penal Code; or |
|
(7) [(8)] notwithstanding Subsection (a)(1), conduct |
|
that violates Section 43.261, Penal Code. |
|
(e) For the purposes of Subsection (b)(2) [(b)(3)], "child" |
|
does not include a person who is married, divorced, or widowed. |
|
(f) Conduct [Except as provided by Subsection (g), conduct] |
|
described under Subsection (b)(1) does not constitute conduct |
|
indicating a need for supervision unless the child has been |
|
referred to the juvenile court under Section 51.08(b). |
|
SECTION 20. Section 51.13(e), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(e) A finding that a child engaged in conduct indicating a |
|
need for supervision as described by Section 51.03(b)(7) |
|
[51.03(b)(8)] is a conviction only for the purposes of Sections |
|
43.261(c) and (d), Penal Code. |
|
SECTION 21. Section 54.0404(a), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(a) If a child is found to have engaged in conduct |
|
indicating a need for supervision described by Section 51.03(b)(7) |
|
[51.03(b)(8)], the juvenile court may enter an order requiring the |
|
child to attend and successfully complete an educational program |
|
described by Section 37.218, Education Code, or another equivalent |
|
educational program. |
|
SECTION 22. Section 54.05(b), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(b) Except for a commitment to the Texas Juvenile Justice |
|
Department or to a post-adjudication secure correctional facility |
|
under Section 54.04011[, a disposition under Section 54.0402,] or a |
|
placement on determinate sentence probation under Section |
|
54.04(q), all dispositions automatically terminate when the child |
|
reaches the child's 18th birthday. |
|
SECTION 23. Section 58.0022, Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 58.0022. FINGERPRINTS OR PHOTOGRAPHS TO IDENTIFY |
|
RUNAWAYS. A law enforcement officer who takes a child into custody |
|
with probable cause to believe that the child has engaged in conduct |
|
indicating a need for supervision as described by Section |
|
51.03(b)(2) [51.03(b)(3)] and who after reasonable effort is unable |
|
to determine the identity of the child, may fingerprint or |
|
photograph the child to establish the child's identity. On |
|
determination of the child's identity or that the child cannot be |
|
identified by the fingerprints or photographs, the law enforcement |
|
officer shall immediately destroy all copies of the fingerprint |
|
records or photographs of the child. |
|
SECTION 24. Section 58.003(c-3), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(c-3) Notwithstanding Subsections (a) and (c) and subject |
|
to Subsection (b), a juvenile court, on the court's own motion and |
|
without a hearing, shall order the sealing of records concerning a |
|
child found to have engaged in conduct indicating a need for |
|
supervision described by Section 51.03(b)(6) [51.03(b)(7)] or |
|
taken into custody to determine whether the child engaged in |
|
conduct indicating a need for supervision described by Section |
|
51.03(b)(6) [51.03(b)(7)]. This subsection applies only to records |
|
related to conduct indicating a need for supervision described by |
|
Section 51.03(b)(6) [51.03(b)(7)]. |
|
SECTION 25. Section 58.106(a), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(a) Except as otherwise provided by this section, |
|
information contained in the juvenile justice information system is |
|
confidential information for the use of the department and may not |
|
be disseminated by the department except: |
|
(1) with the permission of the juvenile offender, to |
|
military personnel of this state or the United States; |
|
(2) to a person or entity to which the department may |
|
grant access to adult criminal history records as provided by |
|
Section 411.083, Government Code; |
|
(3) to a juvenile justice agency; |
|
(4) to the Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth
|
|
Commission and the Texas Juvenile Probation Commission] for |
|
analytical purposes; |
|
(5) to the office of independent ombudsman of the |
|
Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth Commission]; and |
|
(6) to a county, justice, or municipal court |
|
exercising jurisdiction over a juvenile[, including a court
|
|
exercising jurisdiction over a juvenile under Section 54.021]. |
|
SECTION 26. Section 59.003(a), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(a) Subject to Subsection (e), after a child's first |
|
commission of delinquent conduct or conduct indicating a need for |
|
supervision, the probation department or prosecuting attorney may, |
|
or the juvenile court may, in a disposition hearing under Section |
|
54.04 or a modification hearing under Section 54.05, assign a child |
|
one of the following sanction levels according to the child's |
|
conduct: |
|
(1) for conduct indicating a need for supervision, |
|
other than conduct described in Section 51.03(b)(3) or (4) |
|
[51.03(b)(4) or (5)] or a Class A or B misdemeanor, the sanction |
|
level is one; |
|
(2) for conduct indicating a need for supervision |
|
under Section 51.03(b)(3) or (4) [51.03(b)(4) or (5)] or a Class A |
|
or B misdemeanor, other than a misdemeanor involving the use or |
|
possession of a firearm, or for delinquent conduct under Section |
|
51.03(a)(2), the sanction level is two; |
|
(3) for a misdemeanor involving the use or possession |
|
of a firearm or for a state jail felony or a felony of the third |
|
degree, the sanction level is three; |
|
(4) for a felony of the second degree, the sanction |
|
level is four; |
|
(5) for a felony of the first degree, other than a |
|
felony involving the use of a deadly weapon or causing serious |
|
bodily injury, the sanction level is five; |
|
(6) for a felony of the first degree involving the use |
|
of a deadly weapon or causing serious bodily injury, for an |
|
aggravated controlled substance felony, or for a capital felony, |
|
the sanction level is six; or |
|
(7) for a felony of the first degree involving the use |
|
of a deadly weapon or causing serious bodily injury, for an |
|
aggravated controlled substance felony, or for a capital felony, if |
|
the petition has been approved by a grand jury under Section 53.045, |
|
or if a petition to transfer the child to criminal court has been |
|
filed under Section 54.02, the sanction level is seven. |
|
SECTION 27. Section 61.002(a), Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(a) Except as provided by Subsection (b), this chapter |
|
applies to a proceeding to enter a juvenile court order: |
|
(1) for payment of probation fees under Section |
|
54.061; |
|
(2) for restitution under Sections 54.041(b) and |
|
54.048; |
|
(3) for payment of graffiti eradication fees under |
|
Section 54.0461; |
|
(4) for community service under Section 54.044(b); |
|
(5) for payment of costs of court under Section |
|
54.0411 or other provisions of law; |
|
(6) requiring the person to refrain from doing any act |
|
injurious to the welfare of the child under Section 54.041(a)(1); |
|
(7) enjoining contact between the person and the child |
|
who is the subject of a proceeding under Section 54.041(a)(2); |
|
(8) ordering a person living in the same household |
|
with the child to participate in counseling under Section |
|
54.041(a)(3); |
|
(9) [requiring a parent or guardian of a child found to
|
|
be truant to participate in an available program addressing truancy
|
|
under Section 54.041(f);
|
|
[(10)] requiring a parent or other eligible person to |
|
pay reasonable attorney's fees for representing the child under |
|
Section 51.10(e); |
|
(10) [(11)] requiring the parent or other eligible |
|
person to reimburse the county for payments the county has made to |
|
an attorney appointed to represent the child under Section |
|
51.10(j); |
|
(11) [(12)] requiring payment of deferred prosecution |
|
supervision fees under Section 53.03(d); |
|
(12) [(13)] requiring a parent or other eligible |
|
person to attend a court hearing under Section 51.115; |
|
(13) [(14)] requiring a parent or other eligible |
|
person to act or refrain from acting to aid the child in complying |
|
with conditions of release from detention under Section 54.01(r); |
|
(14) [(15)] requiring a parent or other eligible |
|
person to act or refrain from acting under any law imposing an |
|
obligation of action or omission on a parent or other eligible |
|
person because of the parent's or person's relation to the child who |
|
is the subject of a proceeding under this title; |
|
(15) [(16)] for payment of fees under Section 54.0462; |
|
or |
|
(16) [(17)] for payment of the cost of attending an |
|
educational program under Section 54.0404. |
|
SECTION 28. Section 26.045(d), Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(d) A county court in a county with a population of 1.75 |
|
million or more has original jurisdiction over cases alleging a |
|
violation of Section 25.093 [or 25.094], Education Code, or |
|
alleging truant conduct under Section 62.03(a), Education Code. |
|
SECTION 29. Section 29.003(i), Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(i) A municipality may enter into an agreement with a |
|
contiguous municipality or a municipality with boundaries that are |
|
within one-half mile of the municipality seeking to enter into the |
|
agreement to establish concurrent jurisdiction of the municipal |
|
courts in the municipalities and provide original jurisdiction to a |
|
municipal court in which a case is brought as if the municipal court |
|
were located in the municipality in which the case arose, for: |
|
(1) all cases in which either municipality has |
|
jurisdiction under Subsection (a); and |
|
(2) cases that arise under Section 821.022, Health and |
|
Safety Code, or Section 62.03(a) [25.094], Education Code. |
|
SECTION 30. Section 54.1172(a), Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(a) The county judge may appoint one or more part-time or |
|
full-time magistrates to hear a matter alleging a violation of |
|
Section 25.093 [or 25.094], Education Code, or alleging truant |
|
conduct under Section 62.03(a), Education Code. |
|
SECTION 31. Section 54.1952(a), Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
(a) The county judge may appoint one or more part-time or |
|
full-time magistrates to hear a matter alleging a violation of |
|
Section 25.093 [or 25.094], Education Code, or alleging truant |
|
conduct under Section 62.03(a), Education Code, referred to the |
|
magistrate by a court having jurisdiction over the matter. |
|
SECTION 32. Section 54.1955, Government Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 54.1955. POWERS. (a) Except as limited by an order of |
|
the county judge, a magistrate appointed under this subchapter may: |
|
(1) conduct hearings; |
|
(2) hear evidence; |
|
(3) issue summons for the appearance of witnesses; |
|
(4) examine witnesses; |
|
(5) swear witnesses for hearings; |
|
(6) recommend rulings or orders or a judgment in a |
|
case; |
|
(7) regulate proceedings in a hearing; |
|
(8) accept a plea of guilty or nolo contendere in a |
|
case alleging a violation of Section 25.093 [or 25.094], Education |
|
Code, and assess a fine or court costs or order community service in |
|
satisfaction of a fine or costs in accordance with Article 45.049, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure; |
|
(9) for a violation of Section 25.093, Education Code, |
|
enter an order suspending a sentence or deferring a final |
|
disposition that includes at least one of the requirements listed |
|
in Article 45.051, Code of Criminal Procedure; |
|
(10) for an uncontested adjudication of truant conduct |
|
under Section 62.03, Education Code, accept a plea to the petition |
|
or a stipulation of evidence, and take any other action authorized |
|
under Subtitle J, Title 2, Education Code; and |
|
(11) perform any act and take any measure necessary |
|
and proper for the efficient performance of the duties required by |
|
the referral order, including the entry of an order that includes at |
|
least one of the remedial options [requirements] in Section 64.03, |
|
Education Code [Article 45.054, Code of Criminal Procedure; and
|
|
[(11)
if the magistrate finds that a child as defined
|
|
by Article 45.058, Code of Criminal Procedure, has violated an
|
|
order under Article 45.054, Code of Criminal Procedure, proceed as
|
|
authorized by Article 45.050, Code of Criminal Procedure]. |
|
(b) With respect to an issue of law or fact the ruling on |
|
which could result in the dismissal of a prosecution under Section |
|
25.093 [or 25.094], Education Code, or a case of truant conduct |
|
under Section 62.03, Education Code, a magistrate may not rule on |
|
the issue but may make findings, conclusions, and recommendations |
|
on the issue. |
|
SECTION 33. Section 54.1956, Government Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 54.1956. NOT GUILTY PLEA ENTERED OR DENIAL OF ALLEGED |
|
CONDUCT. (a) On entry of a not guilty plea for a violation of |
|
Section 25.093, Education Code, the magistrate shall refer the case |
|
back to the referring court for all further pretrial proceedings |
|
and a full trial on the merits before the court or a jury. |
|
(b) On denial by a child of truant conduct, as defined by |
|
Section 62.03(a), Education Code, the magistrate shall refer the |
|
case to the appropriate truancy court for adjudication. |
|
SECTION 34. Section 71.0352, Government Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 71.0352. JUVENILE DATA [DATE]: JUSTICE, MUNICIPAL, |
|
AND TRUANCY [JUVENILE] COURTS. As a component of the official |
|
monthly report submitted to the Office of Court Administration of |
|
the Texas Judicial System: |
|
(1) a justice court, [and] municipal court, or truancy |
|
court [courts] shall report the number of cases filed for [the
|
|
following offenses]: |
|
(A) truant conduct under Section 62.03(a), |
|
Education Code [failure to attend school under Section 25.094,
|
|
Education Code]; |
|
(B) the offense of parent contributing to |
|
nonattendance under Section 25.093, Education Code; and |
|
(C) a violation of a local daytime curfew |
|
ordinance adopted under Section 341.905 or 351.903, Local |
|
Government Code; and |
|
(2) in cases in which a child fails to obey an order of |
|
a justice court, [or] municipal court, or truancy court under |
|
circumstances that would constitute contempt of court, the justice |
|
court, [or] municipal court, or truancy court shall report the |
|
number of incidents in which the child is: |
|
(A) referred to the appropriate juvenile court |
|
for delinquent conduct as provided by Article 45.050(c)(1), Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure, or [and] Section 67.01(b)(1) [51.03(a)(2)], |
|
Education [Family] Code; or |
|
(B) held in contempt, fined, or denied driving |
|
privileges as provided by Article 45.050(c)(2), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, or Section 67.01(b)(2), Education Code. |
|
SECTION 35. Section 102.021, Government Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 102.021. COURT COSTS ON CONVICTION: CODE OF CRIMINAL |
|
PROCEDURE. A person convicted of an offense shall pay the following |
|
under the Code of Criminal Procedure, in addition to all other |
|
costs: |
|
(1) court cost on conviction of any offense, other |
|
than a conviction of an offense relating to a pedestrian or the |
|
parking of a motor vehicle (Art. 102.0045, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . $4; |
|
(2) a fee for services of prosecutor (Art. 102.008, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $25; |
|
(3) fees for services of peace officer: |
|
(A) issuing a written notice to appear in court |
|
for certain violations (Art. 102.011, Code of Criminal Procedure) |
|
. . . $5; |
|
(B) executing or processing an issued arrest |
|
warrant, capias, or capias pro fine (Art. 102.011, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . $50; |
|
(C) summoning a witness (Art. 102.011, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $5; |
|
(D) serving a writ not otherwise listed (Art. |
|
102.011, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $35; |
|
(E) taking and approving a bond and, if |
|
necessary, returning the bond to courthouse (Art. 102.011, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $10; |
|
(F) commitment or release (Art. 102.011, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $5; |
|
(G) summoning a jury (Art. 102.011, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $5; |
|
(H) attendance of a prisoner in habeas corpus |
|
case if prisoner has been remanded to custody or held to bail (Art. |
|
102.011, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $8 each day; |
|
(I) mileage for certain services performed (Art. |
|
102.011, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $0.29 per mile; and |
|
(J) services of a sheriff or constable who serves |
|
process and attends examining trial in certain cases (Art. 102.011, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $5; |
|
(4) services of a peace officer in conveying a witness |
|
outside the county (Art. 102.011, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . |
|
$10 per day or part of a day, plus actual necessary travel expenses; |
|
(5) overtime of peace officer for time spent |
|
testifying in the trial or traveling to or from testifying in the |
|
trial (Art. 102.011, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . actual cost; |
|
(6) court costs on an offense relating to rules of the |
|
road, when offense occurs within a school crossing zone (Art. |
|
102.014, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $25; |
|
(7) court costs on an offense of passing a school bus |
|
(Art. 102.014, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $25; |
|
(8) court costs on an offense of parent contributing |
|
to student nonattendance [truancy or contributing to truancy] (Art. |
|
102.014, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $20; |
|
(9) cost for visual recording of intoxication arrest |
|
before conviction (Art. 102.018, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . |
|
$15; |
|
(10) cost of certain evaluations (Art. 102.018, Code |
|
of Criminal Procedure) . . . actual cost; |
|
(11) additional costs attendant to certain |
|
intoxication convictions under Chapter 49, Penal Code, for |
|
emergency medical services, trauma facilities, and trauma care |
|
systems (Art. 102.0185, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $100; |
|
(12) additional costs attendant to certain child |
|
sexual assault and related convictions, for child abuse prevention |
|
programs (Art. 102.0186, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $100; |
|
(13) court cost for DNA testing for certain felonies |
|
(Art. 102.020(a)(1), Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $250; |
|
(14) court cost for DNA testing for the offense of |
|
public lewdness or indecent exposure (Art. 102.020(a)(2), Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $50; |
|
(15) court cost for DNA testing for certain felonies |
|
(Art. 102.020(a)(3), Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $34; |
|
(16) if required by the court, a restitution fee for |
|
costs incurred in collecting restitution installments and for the |
|
compensation to victims of crime fund (Art. 42.037, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $12; |
|
(17) if directed by the justice of the peace or |
|
municipal court judge hearing the case, court costs on conviction |
|
in a criminal action (Art. 45.041, Code of Criminal Procedure) |
|
. . . part or all of the costs as directed by the judge; and |
|
(18) costs attendant to convictions under Chapter 49, |
|
Penal Code, and under Chapter 481, Health and Safety Code, to help |
|
fund drug court programs established under Chapter 122, 123, 124, |
|
or 125, Government Code, or former law (Art. 102.0178, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $60. |
|
SECTION 36. Section 103.021, Government Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 103.021. ADDITIONAL FEES AND COSTS IN CRIMINAL OR |
|
CIVIL CASES: CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. An accused or defendant, |
|
or a party to a civil suit, as applicable, shall pay the following |
|
fees and costs under the Code of Criminal Procedure if ordered by |
|
the court or otherwise required: |
|
(1) a personal bond fee (Art. 17.42, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . the greater of $20 or three percent of the amount |
|
of the bail fixed for the accused; |
|
(2) cost of electronic monitoring as a condition of |
|
release on personal bond (Art. 17.43, Code of Criminal Procedure) |
|
. . . actual cost; |
|
(3) a fee for verification of and monitoring of motor |
|
vehicle ignition interlock (Art. 17.441, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . not to exceed $10; |
|
(3-a) costs associated with operating a global |
|
positioning monitoring system as a condition of release on bond |
|
(Art. 17.49(b)(2), Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . actual costs, |
|
subject to a determination of indigency; |
|
(3-b) costs associated with providing a defendant's |
|
victim with an electronic receptor device as a condition of the |
|
defendant's release on bond (Art. 17.49(b)(3), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . actual costs, subject to a determination of |
|
indigency; |
|
(4) repayment of reward paid by a crime stoppers |
|
organization on conviction of a felony (Art. 37.073, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . amount ordered; |
|
(5) reimbursement to general revenue fund for payments |
|
made to victim of an offense as condition of community supervision |
|
(Art. 42.12, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $50 for |
|
a misdemeanor offense or $100 for a felony offense; |
|
(6) payment to a crime stoppers organization as |
|
condition of community supervision (Art. 42.12, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . not to exceed $50; |
|
(7) children's advocacy center fee (Art. 42.12, Code |
|
of Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $50; |
|
(8) family violence center fee (Art. 42.12, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $100; |
|
(9) community supervision fee (Art. 42.12, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not less than $25 or more than $60 per |
|
month; |
|
(10) additional community supervision fee for certain |
|
offenses (Art. 42.12, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $5 per |
|
month; |
|
(11) for certain financially able sex offenders as a |
|
condition of community supervision, the costs of treatment, |
|
specialized supervision, or rehabilitation (Art. 42.12, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . all or part of the reasonable and |
|
necessary costs of the treatment, supervision, or rehabilitation as |
|
determined by the judge; |
|
(12) fee for failure to appear for trial in a justice |
|
or municipal court if a jury trial is not waived (Art. 45.026, Code |
|
of Criminal Procedure) . . . costs incurred for impaneling the |
|
jury; |
|
(13) costs of certain testing, assessments, or |
|
programs during a deferral period (Art. 45.051, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . amount ordered; |
|
(14) special expense on dismissal of certain |
|
misdemeanor complaints (Art. 45.051, Code of Criminal Procedure) |
|
. . . not to exceed amount of fine assessed; |
|
(15) an additional fee: |
|
(A) for a copy of the defendant's driving record |
|
to be requested from the Department of Public Safety by the judge |
|
(Art. 45.0511(c-1), Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . amount equal |
|
to the sum of the fee established by Section 521.048, |
|
Transportation Code, and the state electronic Internet portal fee; |
|
(B) as an administrative fee for requesting a |
|
driving safety course or a course under the motorcycle operator |
|
training and safety program for certain traffic offenses to cover |
|
the cost of administering the article (Art. 45.0511(f)(1), Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $10; or |
|
(C) for requesting a driving safety course or a |
|
course under the motorcycle operator training and safety program |
|
before the final disposition of the case (Art. 45.0511(f)(2), Code |
|
of Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed the maximum amount of the |
|
fine for the offense committed by the defendant; |
|
(16) a request fee for teen court program (Art. |
|
45.052, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $20, if the court |
|
ordering the fee is located in the Texas-Louisiana border region, |
|
but otherwise not to exceed $10; |
|
(17) a fee to cover costs of required duties of teen |
|
court (Art. 45.052, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $20, if the |
|
court ordering the fee is located in the Texas-Louisiana border |
|
region, but otherwise $10; |
|
(18) a mileage fee for officer performing certain |
|
services (Art. 102.001, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $0.15 per |
|
mile; |
|
(19) certified mailing of notice of hearing date (Art. |
|
102.006, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $1, plus postage; |
|
(20) certified mailing of certified copies of an order |
|
of expunction (Art. 102.006, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . $2, |
|
plus postage; |
|
(20-a) a fee to defray the cost of notifying state |
|
agencies of orders of expungement (Art. 45.0216, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . $30 per application; |
|
[(20-b)
a fee to defray the cost of notifying state
|
|
agencies of orders of expunction (Art. 45.055, Code of Criminal
|
|
Procedure) .
.
. $30 per application;] |
|
(21) sight orders: |
|
(A) if the face amount of the check or sight order |
|
does not exceed $10 (Art. 102.007, Code of Criminal Procedure) |
|
. . . not to exceed $10; |
|
(B) if the face amount of the check or sight order |
|
is greater than $10 but does not exceed $100 (Art. 102.007, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $15; |
|
(C) if the face amount of the check or sight order |
|
is greater than $100 but does not exceed $300 (Art. 102.007, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $30; |
|
(D) if the face amount of the check or sight order |
|
is greater than $300 but does not exceed $500 (Art. 102.007, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $50; and |
|
(E) if the face amount of the check or sight order |
|
is greater than $500 (Art. 102.007, Code of Criminal Procedure) |
|
. . . not to exceed $75; |
|
(22) fees for a pretrial intervention program: |
|
(A) a supervision fee (Art. 102.012(a), Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . $60 a month plus expenses; and |
|
(B) a district attorney, criminal district |
|
attorney, or county attorney administrative fee (Art. 102.0121, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $500; |
|
(23) parking fee violations for child safety fund in |
|
municipalities with populations: |
|
(A) greater than 850,000 (Art. 102.014, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not less than $2 and not to exceed $5; and |
|
(B) less than 850,000 (Art. 102.014, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure) . . . not to exceed $5; |
|
(24) an administrative fee for collection of fines, |
|
fees, restitution, or other costs (Art. 102.072, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure) . . . not to exceed $2 for each transaction; and |
|
(25) a collection fee, if authorized by the |
|
commissioners court of a county or the governing body of a |
|
municipality, for certain debts and accounts receivable, including |
|
unpaid fines, fees, court costs, forfeited bonds, and restitution |
|
ordered paid (Art. 103.0031, Code of Criminal Procedure) . . . 30 |
|
percent of an amount more than 60 days past due. |
|
SECTION 37. Subchapter B, Chapter 103, Government Code, is |
|
amended by adding Section 103.035 to read as follows: |
|
Sec. 103.035. ADDITIONAL COSTS IN TRUANCY CASES: EDUCATION |
|
CODE. A party to a truancy case in a truancy court shall pay court |
|
costs of $50 under Section 64.07, Education Code, if ordered by the |
|
truancy court. |
|
SECTION 38. The following laws are repealed: |
|
(1) Articles 45.054 and 45.055, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure; |
|
(2) Section 25.094, Education Code; and |
|
(3) Sections 51.03(d), (e-1), and (g), 51.04(h), |
|
51.08(e), 54.021, 54.0402, 54.041(f) and (g), and 54.05(a-1), |
|
Family Code. |
|
SECTION 39. The changes in law made by this Act apply only |
|
to an offense committed or conduct that occurs on or after the |
|
effective date of this Act. An offense committed or conduct that |
|
occurs before the effective date of this Act is governed by the law |
|
in effect on the date the offense was committed or the conduct |
|
occurred, and the former law is continued in effect for that |
|
purpose. For purposes of this section, an offense is committed or |
|
conduct occurs before the effective date of this Act if any element |
|
of the offense or conduct occurs before that date. |
|
SECTION 40. To the extent of any conflict, this Act prevails |
|
over another Act of the 84th Legislature, Regular Session, 2015, |
|
relating to nonsubstantive additions to and corrections in enacted |
|
codes. |
|
SECTION 41. This Act takes effect immediately if it |
|
receives a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each |
|
house, as provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. |
|
If this Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate |
|
effect, this Act takes effect September 1, 2015. |
|
|
|
* * * * * |